TechbloxModdingAPI/GamecraftModdingAPI/Block.cs

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Reflection.Emit;

using Svelto.ECS;
using Svelto.ECS.EntityStructs;
using RobocraftX.Common;
using RobocraftX.Blocks;
using Unity.Mathematics;
using Unity.Entities;
using Gamecraft.Blocks.GUI;

using GamecraftModdingAPI.Blocks;
using GamecraftModdingAPI.Utility;

namespace GamecraftModdingAPI
{
	/// <summary>
	/// A single (perhaps scaled) block. Properties may return default values if the block is removed and then setting them is ignored.
	/// For specific block type operations, use the specialised block classes in the GamecraftModdingAPI.Blocks namespace.
	/// </summary>
	public class Block : IEquatable<Block>, IEquatable<EGID>
	{
		protected static readonly PlacementEngine PlacementEngine = new PlacementEngine();
		protected static readonly MovementEngine MovementEngine = new MovementEngine();
		protected static readonly RotationEngine RotationEngine = new RotationEngine();
		protected static readonly RemovalEngine RemovalEngine = new RemovalEngine();
		protected static readonly SignalEngine SignalEngine = new SignalEngine();
		protected static readonly BlockEventsEngine BlockEventsEngine = new BlockEventsEngine();
		protected static readonly ScalingEngine ScalingEngine = new ScalingEngine();

		protected internal static readonly BlockEngine BlockEngine = new BlockEngine();

		/// <summary>
		/// Place a new block at the given position. If scaled, position means the center of the block. The default block size is 0.2 in terms of position.
		/// Place blocks next to each other to connect them.
		/// The placed block will be a complete block with a placement grid and collision which will be saved along with the game.
		/// <para></para>
		/// <para>When placing multiple blocks, do not access properties immediately after creation as this
		/// triggers a sync each time which can affect performance and may cause issues with the game.
		/// You may either use AsyncUtils.WaitForSubmission() after placing all of the blocks
		/// or simply access the block properties which will trigger the synchronization the first time a property is used.</para>
		/// </summary>
		/// <param name="block">The block's type</param>
		/// <param name="color">The block's color</param>
		/// <param name="darkness">The block color's darkness (0-9) - 0 is default color</param>
		/// <param name="position">The block's position in the grid - default block size is 0.2</param>
		/// <param name="rotation">The block's rotation in degrees</param>
		/// <param name="uscale">The block's uniform scale - default scale is 1 (with 0.2 width)</param>
		/// <param name="scale">The block's non-uniform scale - 0 means <paramref name="uscale"/> is used</param>
		/// <param name="player">The player who placed the block</param>
		/// <returns>The placed block or null if failed</returns>
		public static Block PlaceNew(BlockIDs block, float3 position,
			float3 rotation = default, BlockColors color = BlockColors.Default, byte darkness = 0,
			int uscale = 1, float3 scale = default, Player player = null)
		{
			return PlaceNew<Block>(block, position, rotation, color, darkness, uscale, scale, player);
		}

		/// <summary>
		/// Place a new block at the given position. If scaled, position means the center of the block. The default block size is 0.2 in terms of position.
		/// Place blocks next to each other to connect them.
		/// The placed block will be a complete block with a placement grid and collision which will be saved along with the game.
		/// </summary>
		/// <param name="block">The block's type</param>
		/// <param name="color">The block's color</param>
		/// <param name="darkness">The block color's darkness (0-9) - 0 is default color</param>
		/// <param name="position">The block's position in the grid - default block size is 0.2</param>
		/// <param name="rotation">The block's rotation in degrees</param>
		/// <param name="uscale">The block's uniform scale - default scale is 1 (with 0.2 width)</param>
		/// <param name="scale">The block's non-uniform scale - 0 means <paramref name="uscale"/> is used</param>
		/// <param name="player">The player who placed the block</param>
		/// <returns>The placed block or null if failed</returns>
		public static T PlaceNew<T>(BlockIDs block, float3 position,
			float3 rotation = default, BlockColors color = BlockColors.Default, byte darkness = 0,
			int uscale = 1, float3 scale = default, Player player = null) where T : Block
		{
			if (PlacementEngine.IsInGame && GameState.IsBuildMode())
			{
				var egid = PlacementEngine.PlaceBlock(block, color, darkness,
					position, uscale, scale, player, rotation, out var initializer);
				var bl = New<T>(egid.entityID, egid.groupID);
				bl.InitData.Group = BlockEngine.InitGroup(initializer);
				Placed += bl.OnPlacedInit;
				return bl;
			}

			return null;
		}

		/// <summary>
		/// Returns the most recently placed block.
		/// </summary>
		/// <returns>The block object</returns>
		public static Block GetLastPlacedBlock()
		{
			return New<Block>(BlockIdentifiers.LatestBlockID);
		}

		/// <summary>
		/// An event that fires each time a block is placed.
		/// </summary>
		public static event EventHandler<BlockPlacedRemovedEventArgs> Placed
		{
			add => BlockEventsEngine.Placed += value;
			remove => BlockEventsEngine.Placed -= value;
		}

		/// <summary>
		/// An event that fires each time a block is removed.
		/// </summary>
		public static event EventHandler<BlockPlacedRemovedEventArgs> Removed
		{
			add => BlockEventsEngine.Removed += value;
			remove => BlockEventsEngine.Removed -= value;
		}

		private static Dictionary<Type, Func<EGID, Block>> initializers = new Dictionary<Type, Func<EGID, Block>>();

		private static Dictionary<Type, ExclusiveGroupStruct[]> typeToGroup =
			new Dictionary<Type, ExclusiveGroupStruct[]>
			{
				{typeof(ConsoleBlock), new[] {CommonExclusiveGroups.BUILD_CONSOLE_BLOCK_GROUP}},
				{typeof(LogicGate), new [] {CommonExclusiveGroups.BUILD_LOGIC_BLOCK_GROUP}},
				{typeof(Motor), new[] {CommonExclusiveGroups.BUILD_MOTOR_BLOCK_GROUP}},
				{typeof(MusicBlock), new[] {CommonExclusiveGroups.BUILD_MUSIC_BLOCK_GROUP}},
				{typeof(Piston), new[] {CommonExclusiveGroups.BUILD_PISTON_BLOCK_GROUP}},
				{typeof(Servo), new[] {CommonExclusiveGroups.BUILD_SERVO_BLOCK_GROUP}},
				{
					typeof(SpawnPoint),
					new[]
					{
						CommonExclusiveGroups.BUILD_SPAWNPOINT_BLOCK_GROUP,
						CommonExclusiveGroups.BUILD_BUILDINGSPAWN_BLOCK_GROUP
					}
				},
				{typeof(TextBlock), new[] {CommonExclusiveGroups.BUILD_TEXT_BLOCK_GROUP}},
				{typeof(Timer), new[] {CommonExclusiveGroups.BUILD_TIMER_BLOCK_GROUP}}
			};

		/// <summary>
		/// Constructs a new instance of T with the given ID and group using dynamically created delegates.
		/// It's equivalent to new T(EGID) with a minimal overhead thanks to caching the created delegates.
		/// </summary>
		/// <param name="id">The block ID</param>
		/// <param name="group">The block group</param>
		/// <typeparam name="T">The block's type or Block itself</typeparam>
		/// <returns>An instance of the provided type</returns>
		/// <exception cref="BlockTypeException">The block group doesn't match or cannot be found</exception>
		/// <exception cref="MissingMethodException">The block class doesn't have the needed constructor</exception>
		private static T New<T>(uint id, ExclusiveGroupStruct? group = null) where T : Block
		{
			var type = typeof(T);
			EGID egid;
			if (!group.HasValue)
			{
				if (typeToGroup.TryGetValue(type, out var gr) && gr.Length == 1)
					egid = new EGID(id, gr[0]);
				else
					egid = BlockEngine.FindBlockEGID(id) ?? throw new BlockTypeException("Could not find block group!");
			}
			else
			{
				egid = new EGID(id, group.Value);
				if (typeToGroup.TryGetValue(type, out var gr)
				    && gr.All(egs => egs != group.Value)) //If this subclass has a specific group, then use that - so Block should still work
					throw new BlockTypeException($"Incompatible block type! Type {type.Name} belongs to group {gr.Select(g => g.ToString()).Aggregate((a, b) => a + ", " + b)} instead of {group.Value}");
			}

			if (initializers.TryGetValue(type, out var func))
			{
				var bl = (T) func(egid);
				return bl;
			}

			//https://stackoverflow.com/a/10593806/2703239
			var ctor = type.GetConstructor(new[] {typeof(EGID)});
			if (ctor == null)
				throw new MissingMethodException("There is no constructor with an EGID parameter for this object");
			DynamicMethod dynamic = new DynamicMethod(string.Empty,
				type,
				new[] {typeof(EGID)},
				type);
			ILGenerator il = dynamic.GetILGenerator();

			il.DeclareLocal(type);
			il.Emit(OpCodes.Ldarg_0); //Load EGID and pass to constructor
			il.Emit(OpCodes.Newobj, ctor); //Call constructor
			//il.Emit(OpCodes.Stloc_0); - doesn't seem like we need these
			//il.Emit(OpCodes.Ldloc_0);
			il.Emit(OpCodes.Ret);

			func = (Func<EGID, T>) dynamic.CreateDelegate(typeof(Func<EGID, T>));
			initializers.Add(type, func);
			var block = (T) func(egid);
			return block;
		}

		public Block(EGID id)
		{
			Id = id;
			var type = GetType();
			if (typeToGroup.TryGetValue(type, out var groups))
			{
				if (groups.All(gr => gr != id.groupID))
					throw new BlockTypeException("The block has the wrong group! The type is " + GetType() +
					                             " while the group is " + id.groupID);
			}
			else if (type != typeof(Block))
				Logging.LogWarning($"Unknown block type! Add {type} to the dictionary.");
		}

		/// <summary>
		/// This overload searches for the correct group the block is in.
		/// It will throw an exception if the block doesn't exist.
		/// Use the EGID constructor where possible or subclasses of Block as those specify the group.
		/// </summary>
		public Block(uint id)
		{
			Id = BlockEngine.FindBlockEGID(id) ?? throw new BlockTypeException("Could not find the appropriate group for the block. The block probably doesn't exist or hasn't been submitted.");
		}

		public EGID Id { get; }

		internal BlockEngine.BlockInitData InitData;

		/// <summary>
		/// The block's current position or zero if the block no longer exists.
		/// A block is 0.2 wide by default in terms of position.
		/// </summary>
		public float3 Position
		{
			get => MovementEngine.GetPosition(Id, InitData);
			set
			{
				MovementEngine.MoveBlock(Id, InitData, value);
			}
		}

		/// <summary>
		/// The block's current rotation in degrees or zero if the block doesn't exist.
		/// </summary>
		public float3 Rotation
		{
			get => RotationEngine.GetRotation(Id, InitData);
			set
			{
				RotationEngine.RotateBlock(Id, InitData, value);
			}
		}

		/// <summary>
		/// The block's non-uniform scale or zero if the block's invalid. Independent of the uniform scaling.
		/// The default scale of 1 means 0.2 in terms of position.
		/// </summary>
		public float3 Scale
		{
			get => BlockEngine.GetBlockInfo(this, (ScalingEntityStruct st) => st.scale);
			set
			{
				BlockEngine.SetBlockInfo(this, (ref ScalingEntityStruct st, float3 val) => st.scale = val, value);
				if (!Exists) return; //UpdateCollision needs the block to exist
				ScalingEngine.UpdateCollision(Id);
			}
		}

		/// <summary>
		/// The block's uniform scale or zero if the block's invalid. Also sets the non-uniform scale.
		/// The default scale of 1 means 0.2 in terms of position.
		/// </summary>
		public int UniformScale
		{
			get => BlockEngine.GetBlockInfo(this, (UniformBlockScaleEntityStruct st) => st.scaleFactor);
			set
			{
				BlockEngine.SetBlockInfo(this, (ref UniformBlockScaleEntityStruct st, int val) => st.scaleFactor = val,
					value);
				Scale = new float3(value, value, value);
			}
		}

		/// <summary>
		/// The block's type (ID). Returns BlockIDs.Invalid if the block doesn't exist anymore.
		/// </summary>
		public BlockIDs Type
		{
			get
			{
				return BlockEngine.GetBlockInfo(this, (DBEntityStruct st) => (BlockIDs) st.DBID, BlockIDs.Invalid);
			}
		}

		/// <summary>
		/// The block's color. Returns BlockColors.Default if the block no longer exists.
		/// </summary>
		public BlockColor Color
		{
			get
			{
				byte index = BlockEngine.GetBlockInfo(this, (ColourParameterEntityStruct st) => st.indexInPalette,
					byte.MaxValue);
				return new BlockColor(index);
			}
			set
			{
				BlockEngine.SetBlockInfo(this, (ref ColourParameterEntityStruct color, BlockColor val) =>
				{
					color.indexInPalette = (byte) (val.Color + val.Darkness * 10);
					color.overridePaletteColour = false;
					color.needsUpdate = true;
					BlockEngine.SetBlockColorFromPalette(ref color);
				}, value);
			}
		}

		/// <summary>
		/// The block's exact color. Gets reset to the palette color (Color property) after reentering the game.
		/// </summary>
		public float4 CustomColor
		{
			get => BlockEngine.GetBlockInfo(this, (ColourParameterEntityStruct st) => st.overriddenColour);
			set
			{
				BlockEngine.SetBlockInfo(this, (ref ColourParameterEntityStruct color, float4 val) =>
				{
					color.overriddenColour = val;
					color.overridePaletteColour = true;
					color.needsUpdate = true;
				}, value);
			}
		}

		/// <summary>
		/// The text displayed on the block if applicable, or null.
		/// Setting it is temporary to the session, it won't be saved.
		/// </summary>
		public string Label
		{
			get => BlockEngine.GetBlockInfoViewStruct(this, (TextLabelEntityViewStruct st) => st.textLabelComponent?.text);
			set
			{
				BlockEngine.SetBlockInfoViewStruct(this, (ref TextLabelEntityViewStruct text, string val) =>
				{
					if (text.textLabelComponent != null) text.textLabelComponent.text = val;
				}, value);
			}
		}

		/// <summary>
		/// Whether the block exists. The other properties will return a default value if the block doesn't exist.
		/// If the block was just placed, then this will also return false but the properties will work correctly.
		/// </summary>
		public bool Exists => BlockEngine.BlockExists(Id);

		/// <summary>
		/// Returns an array of blocks that are connected to this one. Returns an empty array if the block doesn't exist.
		/// </summary>
		public Block[] GetConnectedCubes() => BlockEngine.GetConnectedBlocks(Id);

		/// <summary>
		/// Removes this block.
		/// </summary>
		/// <returns>True if the block exists and could be removed.</returns>
		public bool Remove() => RemovalEngine.RemoveBlock(Id);

		/// <summary>
		/// Returns the rigid body of the chunk of blocks this one belongs to during simulation.
		/// Can be used to apply forces or move the block around while the simulation is running.
		/// </summary>
		/// <returns>The SimBody of the chunk or null if the block doesn't exist.</returns>
		public SimBody GetSimBody()
		{
			return BlockEngine.GetBlockInfo(this,
				(GridConnectionsEntityStruct st) => new SimBody(st.machineRigidBodyId, st.clusterId));
		}

		private void OnPlacedInit(object sender, BlockPlacedRemovedEventArgs e)
		{ //Member method instead of lambda to avoid constantly creating delegates
			if (e.ID != Id) return;
			Placed -= OnPlacedInit; //And we can reference it
			InitData = default; //Remove initializer as it's no longer valid - if the block gets removed it shouldn't be used again
		}

		public override string ToString()
		{
			return $"{nameof(Id)}: {Id}, {nameof(Position)}: {Position}, {nameof(Type)}: {Type}, {nameof(Color)}: {Color}, {nameof(Exists)}: {Exists}";
		}

		public bool Equals(Block other)
		{
			if (ReferenceEquals(null, other)) return false;
			if (ReferenceEquals(this, other)) return true;
			return Id.Equals(other.Id);
		}
		
		public bool Equals(EGID other)
		{
			return Id.Equals(other);
		}

		public override bool Equals(object obj)
		{
			if (ReferenceEquals(null, obj)) return false;
			if (ReferenceEquals(this, obj)) return true;
			if (obj.GetType() != this.GetType()) return false;
			return Equals((Block) obj);
		}

		public override int GetHashCode()
		{
			return Id.GetHashCode();
		}

		public static void Init()
		{
			GameEngineManager.AddGameEngine(PlacementEngine);
			GameEngineManager.AddGameEngine(MovementEngine);
			GameEngineManager.AddGameEngine(RotationEngine);
			GameEngineManager.AddGameEngine(RemovalEngine);
			GameEngineManager.AddGameEngine(BlockEngine);
			GameEngineManager.AddGameEngine(BlockEventsEngine);
			GameEngineManager.AddGameEngine(ScalingEngine);
			GameEngineManager.AddGameEngine(SignalEngine);
			Wire.signalEngine = SignalEngine; // requires same functionality, no need to duplicate the engine
		}

        /// <summary>
        /// Convert the block to a specialised block class.
        /// </summary>
        /// <returns>The block.</returns>
        /// <typeparam name="T">The specialised block type.</typeparam>
		public T Specialise<T>() where T : Block
		{
			// What have I gotten myself into?
			// C# can't cast to a child of Block unless the object was originally that child type
			// And C# doesn't let me make implicit cast operators for child types
			// So thanks to Microsoft, we've got this horrible implementation using reflection
			
			//Lets improve that using delegates
			var block = New<T>(Id.entityID, Id.groupID);
			if (this.InitData.Group != null)
			{
				block.InitData = this.InitData;
				Placed += block.OnPlacedInit; //Reset InitData of new object
			}

			return block;
		}

#if DEBUG
		public static EntitiesDB entitiesDB
		{
			get
			{
				return BlockEngine.GetEntitiesDB();
			}
		}
#endif
		internal static void Setup(World physicsWorld)
		{
			ScalingEngine.Setup(physicsWorld.EntityManager);
		}
	}
}